![]() Metal was expensive and therefore only a thin metal coating was used for the shields but : We are told that the shields fabricated (only in Syracuse) during this season (399-398 BC) of assiduous preparation were not less than 140000 in number, and the breast plates 14000, many of them unrivalled in workmanship, destined for the body-guard and the officers. Oxford: Osprey Men at Arms.Actually it shows the god Hephaestus with three Cyclopes producing armorīronze inscribed Spartan shield, a trophy taken by the Athenians after their victory over the Spartans in the battle of Sphacteria, 425 BCĪchilles with a shield with additional protection for the legs, 480 BC Triptolemos Painter Berkeley: University of California Press. Wallace (Eds.), Origins of democracy in ancient greece (pp. Revolutions and a new order in Solonian Athens and archaic Greece. Hendrick (Eds.), Demokratia: A conversation on democracies, ancient and modern. The Athenian trireme, school of democracy. Homeric warriors and battles: Trying to resolve old problems. Imperial Chinese armies: 200 BC-589 AD (Vol. In The Cambridge economic history of the Greco-Roman World (pp. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of Calfornia Press. Wallace (Eds.), Origins of Democracy in Ancient Greece (pp. I besieged that man: Democracy’s revolutionary start. Saller (Eds.), The Cambridge economic history of the Greco Roman World (pp. ![]() Armies of medieval Burgundy 1364–1477 (Vol. Institutions, taxation and market relationships in ancient Athens (pp. European Journal of Law and Economics, 27, 109–127. Financing the Athenian state: public choice in the age of demosthenes. Path dependence, change and the emergence of the first joint-stock companies. The emergence of property rights and social contract in classical greece, Inventi Impact: Human Resource, 2012, 1–6. Paper to be presented at the Heilbronn conference “The university according to Humbolt”, June 2012. Athletic games, macrocultures and democratic values. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 2, 159–172. Primitive democracy in ancient mesopotamis. ![]() The other Greeks: The family farm and the agrarian roots of western civilization. Hendrick (Eds.), Demokratia: A conversation on democracies. Hoplites into democrats: The changing ideology of Athenian infantry. European Journal of Law and Economics, 29(3), 255–277. The Athenian economy in the age of Demosthenes. International History Review, 15, 84–105. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Ĭreasy, E. Athenian economy and society: A banking perspective. Democracy: Origins of contribution to a debate, In Raaflaub et al. Sparta and laconia: A regional history (2nd ed.). European Journal of Political Economy, 26, 68–81.īurn, A. Morality, institutions and the wealth of nations: Some lessons from ancient Greece. Athens: Patakis Publishers (in Greek).īitros, G., & Karayannis, A. From social to political majority: The stage of isonomia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.īirgalias, N. Saller (Eds.), The cambridge economic history of the greco roman world (pp. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115, 1167–1199.Īnastasi, P. Why did the West extend the franchise? Democracy, inequality and growth in historical perspective. Xenophon, Lacedemonion Politeia (Lacedemonian Constitution) (Lac. During the 7th century, royal Assyrian guardsmen appear to carry bigger, round shields, but made of leather and thus probably lighter and less strong than the hoplon.Īristoteles, “Athinaion Politeia” (“The Athenian’s Constitution”, Ar. Looking at the evidence collected by Healy ( 1991) for the Assyrians and Peers ( 1995) for the old Chinese armies (as also attested by the famous terracotta figures in the tomb of Ch’in Shih Huang-ti, of a much later date, about 230–220 BC, than the phalanx armies), these differences are marked: Both Assyrians and Chinese wear, if at all, only lamellar armour, protecting the torso and back-but often leaving the shoulders unprotected), helmets that leave the face open, no greaves, and their shields are smaller and usually one-grip. What is emphasized here, is that other ancient warriors were not as heavily armoured as the hoplites. ![]() This is not to say that other ancient armies, like the Assyrians and the Chinese, did not fight in tactical formations, albeit probably looser than the phalanx. Through this new development in armament, the hoplite became the first heavy infantryman to appear on the battlefield. ![]()
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